Drug AddictionWhat Is Drug Addiction? 
Addiction is defined as a chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences. It is considered a brain disease because drugs change the brain, they change its structure and how it works. These brain changes can be long lasting, and can lead to harmful behaviors seen in people who abuse drugs. Enablers may call in sick for an addict or make excuses for the addict's behavior. The enabler may plead with the addict to stop using drugs or alcohol but rarely does anything else to help the addict change their behavior. 
Studies find that more people enter treatment if their family members or employers are honest with them about their concerns, and try to help them to see that drugs are preventing them from reaching their goals.
(Intervention)
What is Substance Abuse? Substance abuse is the use of mind-altering drugs without medical need. The body adapts to the continuous use of a drug that produces dependence. This dependence can develop a tolerance and
withdrawal symptoms
when use stops. Tolerance is the need to use progressively larger amounts of a drug to reproduce the original effects achieved with the starting amount. 
Overdose of a drug may occur as part of drug abuse.With some drugs, an overdose may even be fatal. Although mind-altering drugs are typically the ones that Drug addiction occurs in all socioeconomic groups and involves highly educated and professional people as well as those who are uneducated and unemployed. Every year, abuse of illicit drugs and alcohol contributes to the death of more than 100,000 Americans, while tobacco is linked to an estimated 440,000 deaths per year.
How does science provide solutions for drug addiction? Scientists study the effects that drugs have on the brain and on people's behavior. They use this information to develop programs for preventing drug abuse and for helping people recover from addiction. Further research helps transfer these ideas into practice in our communities.
In general, people begin taking drugs for a variety of reasons:
If taking drugs make people feel good…what's the problem? At first, people may perceive what seem to be positive effects with drug use. They also may believe that they can control their use; however, drugs can quickly take over their lives. Over time, if drug use continues, pleasurable activities become less pleasurable, and drug abuse becomes necessary for abusers to simply feel "normal." Drug abusers reach a point where they seek and take drugs, despite the tremendous problems caused for themselves and their loved ones. Some individuals may start to feel the need to take higher or more frequent doses, even in the early stages of their drug use. Is continued drug abuse a voluntary behavior? The initial decision to take drugs is mostly voluntary. However, when drug abuse takes over, a person's ability to exert self-control can become seriously impaired. Brain imaging studies from drug-addicted individuals show physical changes in areas of the brain that are critical to judgment, decision making, learning and memory, and behavior control. Scientists believe that these changes alter the way the brain works, and may help explain the compulsive and destructive behaviors of addiction. As with any other disease, vulnerability to addiction differs from person to person. In general, the more risk factors an individual has, the greater the chance that taking drugs will lead to abuse and addiction. "Protective" factors reduce a person's risk of developing addiction. What factors determine if a person will become addicted? 
No single factor determines whether a person will become addicted to drugs. The overall risk for addiction is impacted by the biological makeup of the individual. It can even be influenced by gender or society, his or her developmental stage, and the surrounding social environment (e.g., conditions at home, at school, and in the neighborhood). What environmental factors increase the risk of drug addiction?
How do drugs work in the brain to produce pleasure? All drugs of abuse directly or indirectly target the brain's reward system by flooding the circuit with dopamine. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter present in regions of the brain that regulate movement, emotion, cognition, motivation, and feelings of pleasure. The over stimulation of this system, which rewards our natural behaviors, produces the euphoric effects sought by people who abuse drugs and teaches them to repeat the behavior. How does stimulation of the brain's pleasure circuit teach us to keep taking drugs? Our brains are wired to ensure that we will repeat life-sustaining activities by associating those activities with pleasure or reward. Whenever this reward circuit is activated, the brain notes that something important is happening that needs to be remembered, and teaches us to do it again and again, without thinking about it. Because drugs of abuse stimulate the same circuit, we learn to abuse drugs in the same way. 
Can Drug Addiction Be Treated Successfully? Yes. Drug Addiction is a treatable disease. Discoveries in the science of addiction have led to advances in drug abuse treatment that help people stop abusing drugs and resume their productive lives.
Drug Alcohol Rehab There is no cure…only recovery. Like other chronic diseases, addiction can be managed successfully. Treatment enables people to counteract addiction's powerful disruptive effects and regain control of their lives. Drug abusers often requires rehabilitation in a drug addiction treatment center to truly find sobriety and maintain it. 
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